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Estrogen Hormone Powder Estradiol CAS 50-28-2 for Health Care
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Product Name: Estradiol
Synonyms: BETA-ESTRADIOL-16,16,17-D3;17BETA-ESTRADIOL-16,16,17-D3;(+)-3,17β-estradiol;(17b)-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17diol;(17β)-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17diol;.alpha.-Oestradiol;.beta.-Oestradiol;17-.beta.-Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol
CAS: 50-28-2
MF: C18H24O2
MW: 272.38
EINECS: 200-023-8
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Estradiol Basic Information:
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Estradiol (E2), also spelled oestradiol, is a steroid, an estrogen, and the primary female sex hormone. It is named for and is important in the regulation of the estrous and menstrual female reproductive cycles. Estradiol is essential for the development and maintenance of female reproductive tissues such as the breasts, uterus, and vagina during puberty, adulthood, and pregnancy,[7] but it also has important effects in many other tissues including bone, fat, skin, liver, and the brain. While estrogen levels in men are lower compared to women, estrogens have essential functions in men as well. Estradiol is found in most vertebrates as well as many crustaceans, insects, fish, and other animal species.[8][9]
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Estradiol is produced especially within the follicles of the female ovaries, but also in other endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) and non-endocrine tissues (e.g., including fat, liver, adrenal, breast, and neural tissues). Estradiol is biosynthesized from cholesterol through a series of chemical intermediates.[10] One principal pathway involves the generation of 4-androstenedione, which is converted into estrone by aromatase and then by 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase into estradiol. Alternatively, 4-androstenedione can be converted into testosterone, an androgen and the primary male sex hormone, which in turn can be aromatized into estradiol.
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Estradiol ?Biological function
1. Sexual development
The development of secondary sex characteristics in women is driven by estrogens, to be specific, estradiol. These changes are initiated at the time of puberty, most are enhanced during the reproductive years, and become less pronounced with declining estradiol support after the menopause. Thus, estradiol produces breast development, and is responsible for changes in the body shape, affecting bones, joints, and fat deposition. Fat structure and skin composition are modified by estradiol.
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2. Female reproduction
In the female, estradiol acts as a growth hormone for tissue of the reproductive organs, supporting the lining of the vagina, the cervical glands, the endometrium, and the lining of the fallopian tubes. It enhances growth of the myometrium. Estradiol appears necessary to maintain oocytes in the ovary. During the menstrual cycle, estradiol produced by the growing follicle triggers, via a positive feedback system, the hypothalamic-pituitary events that lead to the luteinizing hormone surge, inducing ovulation. In the luteal phase, estradiol, in conjunction with progesterone, prepares the endometrium for implantation. During pregnancy, estradiol increases due to placental production. The effect of estradiol, together with estrone and estriol, in pregnancy is less clear. They may promote uterine blood flow, myometrial growth, stimulate breast growth and at term, promote cervical softening and expression of myometrial oxytocin receptors.[citation needed] In baboons, blocking of estrogen production leads to pregnancy loss, suggesting estradiol has a role in the maintenance of pregnancy. Research is investigating the role of estrogens in the process of initiation of labor. Actions of estradiol are required before the exposure of progesterone in the luteal phase.
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3. Male reproduction
The effect of estradiol (and estrogens in general) upon male reproduction is complex. Estradiol is produced by action of aromatase mainly in the Leydig cells of the mammalian testis, but also by some germ cells and the Sertoli cells of immature mammals.[11] It functions (in vitro) to prevent apoptosis of male sperm cells.[12] While some studies in the early 1990s claimed a connection between globally declining sperm counts and estrogen exposure in the environment,[13] later studies found no such connection, nor evidence of a general decline in sperm counts.[14][15] Suppression of estradiol production in a subpopulation of subfertile men may improve the semen analysis.[16]
Males with certain sex chromosome genetic conditions, such as Klinefelter& acute;s syndrome, will have a higher level of estradiol.
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4. Bone
Estradiol has a profound effect on bone. Individuals without it (or other estrogens) will become tall and eunuchoid, as epiphyseal closure is delayed or may not take place. Bone structure is affected also, resulting in early osteopenia and osteoporosis.[18] Also, women past menopause experience an accelerated loss of bone mass due to a relative estrogen deficiency.[19]
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5. Brain
Estrogens can be produced in the brain from steroid precursors. As antioxidants, they have been found to have neuroprotective function.
The positive and negative feedback loops of the menstrual cycle involve ovarian estradiol as the link to the hypothalamic-pituitary system to regulate gonadotropins.
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Estradiol |
Estradiol valerate |
Estradiol benzoate |
Estradiol cypionate |
Estradiol enantate |
Ethynyl estradiol |
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Zhuhaishi Shuangbojie Technology Co., Ltd
Nutrition Steroid,Testosterone Steroid,Anabolic Androgenic Steroids
Address: No.101#1-804 Guofang Road,Xiangzhou District,Zhuhai City,Guangdong Province,China,519000,
Zhuhai, Guangdong
China, 519000
Tel: 86-185-78209860
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